The General Assembly (GA) is the United Nations' main deliberative body, where all 193 member states hold equal voting rights regardless of size, wealth, or military power. It debates and issues resolutions on nearly any issue within the UN Charter's scope, ranging from peace and security to development, human rights, and international law, though its resolutions are generally non-binding recommendations rather than enforceable law, unlike Security Council resolutions.

The GA conducts most of its substantive work through six Main Committees, each responsible for a designated policy area. The Fourth Committee, formally the Special Political and Decolonization Committee (SPECPOL), handles peacekeeping operations, decolonization, atomic radiation effects, outer space affairs, mine action, and information policy.